I visited Moscow recently - fascinating trip. Here are some thoughts. Sorry this is so long, but it made me think a lot...
- Traffic
Lots of things are better than a sharp stick in the eye. Traffic in Moscow is borderline. In a city of 11 million people, there are bound to be some traffic issues. But it would probably help if there was some basic regulation like, say, stop lights. In New York, you can get charged a heavy fine for getting caught "in the box" - in the intersection - after the light changes. In Moscow, everyone is caught in the box all the time in every direction.
- Local perspectives
"Obsessed with freedom":
Lydia, a life-long Muscovite, is not a Communist or Soviet apologist, but she definitely has a different view on a lot of things. I've heard this from other people, that things were easier before. You didn't have to think about things, to worry about things. Ok, I said, but then you don't get to make your own choices, to think for yourself. she said "You Americans are obsessed with freedom."
But the thing that was most striking was when we started talking about culture. We were driving past an old movie theater, and Lydia said that when she was young, one of the first movies that they showed there was Gone With The Wind. She asked why America exports so much bad culture now, and it used to be so good. I think it's a very fair question. I wish we didn't do that. But what is the alternative? She asked me why, and after talking about it for a while, I answered that I think it's 'freedom of expression' and 'market economics'. If people weren't buying American popular culture, they wouldn't sell it. And that there shouldn't be limitations on what people create and put out there. She said that she understood the market part, but that someone should regulate what is good. Well, the naturaly question is - who should do that? that's really the problem, isn't it.
Another thought on this, though... we do have someone playing that role, and it's not just the market. In the early days of Hollywood, there were a handful of studio bosses that decided which movies got made. And is it so different now? The movies, music, and other content that comes through the major distribution channels is fairly predictable. The Internet has helped a lot in giving an underground outlet for other artists, but it still feels that there is a small group who act as the Arbiter of Taste for the rest of us.
"You Americans have a theory for everything."
By the middle of the afternoon, I was getting hungry. This was fun, but enough, I needed something to eat. So I stopped to get a small sandwich and said that I would get something else later. Lydia seemed surprised, and I told her that it's because I eat 4 or 5 smaller meals per day. I explained that this way you maintain a contant level of energy instead of the sugar spikes from eating 2 or 3 large meals. For some reason I thought that she would think this something interesting to consider. Instead, she said "You Americans have a theory for everything."
Then she said "and you probably drink LOTS of water." I said, yes, a lot. Lydia said that the Russian joke about how to recognize an American tourist is that they all have a camera and a water bottle.
Khodorkovsky: There is a significant difference in opinion amongst Russians between people who support Khodorkovsky and those who don't. Mikhail Khodorkovsky is the former CEO of Yukos, the Russian energy giant, who is now in prison for tax evasion and other charges. Many in the West believe that his main sin was to announce that he would challenge President Putin in the next Russian Presidentian "election". As with Lydia, who feels that to amass that much money in such a short time he must have stolen it. We have many examples of people who have become fabulously wealthy by working within the system (or close to it). Bill Gates, Larry Ellison, Warren Buffet, and Richard Branson are just a few examples of the many people who have become fabulously wealthy by creating value for others, working hard and enduring risk. In the early days of the American experiment with capitalism, this was not always so clear. The so-called "Robber Barrons" of the Industrial Revolution created the infrastructure that built our country, but also created monopolies and abused power.
As we were standing outside the Cathedral of the Annunciation inside the Kremlin, Lydia starting telling me about Reagan's visit to Moscow during the cold war. President and Mrs. Reagan went to Moscow on invitation from Premier Gorbaochov. Lydia said that he made a very favorable impression on the Soviet people, in part because he smiled so much. They found him surprisingly likeable.
- "Lenin is not a hero anymore"
This was a recurring theme. As though a switch was flipped and suddenly the people who were the national heroes are not any more. People say that he is no longer a hero, but he is still clearly treated as one.
- Power outage
There was a power outage throughout Moscow while I was there. The metro trains, among other things, were shut down for a good part of the day. My colleague Danil seemed a bit embarrassed, but I reminded him that the entire northeast US and Canada suffered a blackout just two years ago.
- Cyrilic and Cyril
It is possible to get aroud Moscow speaking only English with the occasional 'da' and 'spasiba' (thank you), those of is who are Russian-impared definitely miss a lot. Actually, the Cyrilic alphabet isn't too bad to pick up, particularly for those of is who learned the Greek alphabet in between push ups and beer bongs during freshman year of college. Greek and Russian are both based on the Cyrilic alphabet, and while the Russian alphabet isn't the same as Greek, its close. Cyril was a Greek monk who created the alphabet, and there is even a statue of him in Moscow. Do we at least have a statue of Noah Webster or someone?
So after a few days I could phoenetically pronounce many words, such as street signs and painter's names in the Tretykov art gallery. This isn't the same as being able to speak, but it's helpful. It's strange feeling like a mute. I can hobble through Spanish, French or Italian (or English), but Russian is different enough that I was really dependent on my host.
- Kremlin
I had this image of the Kremlin as this grey building surrounded by scary people with guns and a black cloud permanently hanging over the top. In fact, "Kremlin" translates to "Fortress". Like most old European cities, Moscow started as a small village surrounded by a wall. The Kremlin is simply the old central city along the Moscow River. It holds the offices of the President and an amazing number of churches. In the corner closest to the river, there are 3 immediately next to one another.
The Kremlin is beautiful. The outer wall was originally wood, then white stone, and is now a striking red.
Lenin's tomb was interesting. No cameras allowed, and a lot of 19-year-olds guarding it. They don't like people to linger, they push the group through so you don't get a chance to look closely. There are some people that think it's not really a real person. Hard to tell.
- Red square
The 'red' is an old name that was meant to mean beautiful. It pre-dates the Communist party and Red Army by hundreds of years, and the names are apparently coinciental.
St. Basil's Cathedral is the centerpiece, and one of the key landmarks of the city. It almost doesn't look real, like something built in Disneyland copied from a Disney cartoon.
- No starbucks
Seriously. The new 'evil empire' hasn't made it to the old one yet.
- BlackBerry
I expected my Blackberry to work as a mobile phone because of the GSM network support, but I did not expect the data side to work. But the GPRS support was strong. The plane landed at Sheremtevo Airport, I turned it on and everything just worked. The world is truly getting flatter.
- Tatiana, thoughts on Russia at McDonalds
yes, McDonalds. I had not set foot inside a Mickey-Ds for at least 10 years, but the mistique of McDonalds in Moscow was too much. I had to go see. After all, McDonalds played a role in the fall of communism. Not to overstate it, but if there was a Nobel prize for dangerously unhealthy food, the decendants of Ray Kroc would get my vote.
Anywho, I was not disappointed. As I walked up, I saw a building that looked more like a ski chalet than the traditional plastic architecture of the golden arches. Since there is no Starbucks yet (see previous), they have the Mac Kafe inside, which serves lattes and the like. I recommend the chocolate chip muffin. Since I don't know the Russian word for 'decaf', and the nice girl behind the counter didn't know the English word for it, I also broke my no-caffeine streak. She did know the word 'juice', so I got an orange juice as well, which is basically Tang. Hey, if it's good enough for the cosmonauts...
While I was in line ordering (which was really a combination of pointing, grunting and smiling sheepishly), the woman behind me asked me about the book that I am reading. It's 'The World is Flat' by Thomas Friedman, which is a very insightful book about globalization. She said that she's interested in globalization, which makes sense since her country is playing on the opposite (growth) side from mine and Friedman's.
Tatiana is a translator for english-language films to be shown in the Russian market. This sounds like a cool job, and she might be exaggerating, as some people do. I wouldn't know - since I'm a rock star/astronaut/fireman, I don't have to embellish, but I guess some people do that.
We were talking about technology adoption, and she said that she is surprised about how the US is "always first in everything" (her words) and that it has to be very expensive. Other countries get to follow at a much cheaper price, and do the same things, such as computer programming. She said that she thought that it must be so expensive to do this that it can't be sustained and that eventually it would drain the money from the US and we would fall behind. She was not hoping that this would happen, she seemed more concerned.
But the interesting thing to me is that this zero-sum-game understanding of economics seems to still be prevalent in post-Soviet Russia (as well as many other parts of the world). The concept of wealth creation doesn't seem to be widely understood outside of those in business and technology. I explained the technology adoption lifecycle and how early adopters and late adopters all work together to make the market work. She seemed to get it and was excited by the idea. It was ironic, since the conversation started with 'The World is Flat'. Core to Friedman's discussion, and the strategy of most American technology companies, is the assertion that the US must continue to innovate and create to stay ahead of the smart fast-following nations in a world with no boundaries. This, of course, is the opposite of the way that she was looking at it. Her world view, of course, has been shaped by spending most of her life in a collecitivist, centrally-planned economy. Tatiana told me that she is disappointed that her country is "backward" in so many ways, but she doesn't know why this is the case. I hope Tatiana does get the book, I think she'll "get" it.
Many Russians do "get" this, and many, like Tatiana, are in the process. Many still do not. This seems to be the core of the difference in opinion between people who support Khodorkovsky and those who don't. Michail (?) Khodorkovsky is the former CEO of Yukos, the Russian energy giant, who is now in prison for tax evasion and other charges. Many in the West believe that his main sin was to announce that he would challenge President Putin in the next Russian Presidentian "election". As with Lydia, who feels that to amass that much money in such a short time he must have stolen it, The entrepreneural process is still not well understood here. Is Khodorkovsky a master entrepreneur, a theif or something in between? I don't know, but the Russian government and people need to allow for the possibility of the former if they are going to be truly successful in the world economy. Western businesses have answered Russian government's treatment of Khodorkovsky with massive capital flight.
Incidentally, I'm writing this section while flying on Aeroflot from Moscow to London. Still alive, so far....